Internal-combustion engine



Dec. 4 1923. 1,476,547

C. A. ROSS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 26 1921 Pa an Dec. 4, 192a CHARLES Aa BOSS, OF PEDRO, CALIFORNIA INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed May 26, 1921. Serial 10.472554.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, CHARLES A. Ross, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Pedro, in the count of Los Angeles and State of California, ave inventednew and useful Improvements in Internal-Gombustion Engines, of which the following is a s ecification.

his invention is an internal combustion engine employing solid injections of fuel which may be heavier hydrocarbons.

The invention provides for the vaporization of the fuel and the of the combustible mixture by means of a relatively high compression in the cylinders of the engine.

More specifically the invention resides in the provision of a fuel chamber plug which may be inserted in the usual threaded spark plug openingl of an engine cylinder and which embo 'es a fuel chamber communicatin by way of spray openings with the cylinder of the engine. A valvular control is provided for the fuel chamber, and the fuel conduit leading to this valve is pro vided with a needle valve adjustment for varying the fuel supply and thus controlling the speed of. the engine. An air intake valve is provided in the engine cylinder,

and said valve and the fuel valve are dependently actuated through a usual cam mechanism. The engine cylinder is also provided with a relief valve which is adjusted to vary the compression in the engine cylinder.

In operation the fuel supplied to the fuel chamber and the air supplied to the engine cylinder are ignited in the fuel chamberv during the compression stroke of the engine, so that the fuel is sprayed into the engine cylinder where it continues to burn. The expansion of the ignited combustible mixture causes the power stroke of the engine, and the compression is so regulated as to cause said ignition of the charge at the proper time. 7

The invention will be readily'understood from the following description of the accompanying drawing which is a vertical section through an engine constructed in accordance with the invention.

The improved engine structure. may include a usual engine cylinder 1 having piston 2 forming a firing chamber 3 above said piston in the cylinder. An air intake port 4 communicates with firing chamber 3 and subsequent explosion is controlled by a valve 5 which may be a usual poppet valve including valve stem 6 and sprlng 7 for seating the valve.

The usual threaded opening 9 for a spark plug is provided in the engine cylinder, and

in an engine constructed in accordance with the invention, this threaded opening receives a plug 10 which forms the fuel chamber. As an instance of this arrangement the plu may be formed with a recessed threade head '11 adapted to receive 'cap 12, and at the base of the threaded recess. 11 a fuel chamber 13 is formed which'oom'municates by wa of spray openings 14; with the bore 15 of t e plug leading to the firing chamber 3 of the engine cylinder.

A bore 17 extends through cap 12 and receives a valve rod 18 having a valve 19 adapted to seat at the base of bore 17 which communicates with fuel chamber 13.

The valve rod 18 is normally actuated by a spring 21 to close the valve 19, and valve rods 6 and 18 are dependently operated forv opening said valves at the intake stroke of theengine. As an instance of this arrangement a usual rock arm 22 may function in connection with said valve rods, and said rock arm may be in turn operated by a link 23 which is actuated by a usual cam mechanism upon the'engine.

The fuel supply to the bore 17, and thedischar e of which is to fuel chamber 13, is control ed by valve 19, and may be by way of a bore 25 angularly disposed in cap 12 and communicating with a fuel conduit 26. A needle valve 27 functions in the bore 25 t for adjusting the supply of fuel to valve 19., and said needle valve may be actuated from a distant point as by means of a gear 28 upon the needle valve stem which meshes with a rack 29 operated in suitable manner.

In operation upon the intake stroke of the engine, air is admitted to firing chamber 3 and fuel is admitted to fuel chamber 13. During the compression stroke of the engine pre-ignition will occur in the fuel chamber so as to spray the fuel contained thereinthrough openings 14 into the firing chamber where it is thoroughly mixed with the air and the ignition of said mixture will continue in the firing chamber in order to form the power stroke of the engine.

During the subsequent exhaust stroke, the burnt charge is discharged through a suitable exhaust mechanism (not shown).

The regulation of the engine is controlled of a spring 33 and rovided with a suitable operating lever 34 or opening the same.

Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as it claime What is claimed is:

1. An internal combustion engine having a plug formed with a fuel chamber of semispherlcal form and spray openings disposed axially of the chamber and effecting communication between the chamber end the cylinder, a valve'edaptedto control the admission of fuel to said chamber, an air intake valve in said cylinder, and means. for actuating said valves.

2. In an internal combustion engine, .a plug detachably sustained on the cylinder of the engine and having a fuel chamber of semi-spherical form and spray openings disposed axially of the chamber and efi'ecting communication between the chamber and the cylinder, a cap detachably associated with aerate? the plug, a duct formed in the cap and com municating with said chamber, an oil supp? ipe communicating with the duct, an a ustable needle valve mounted in the cap and controlling the passage of fuel from said duct into said chamber, a second valve mounted in the cap and controlling said duct independently of said needle valve, an. air intake valve insaid cylinder, arid means for dependently operating said second valve and said air valve.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a

plug detachabl sustained on the cylinder of the engine an having a file chamber and spray openings disposed axially of the chamber and effecting communication between th chamber and the cylinder, a cap detachably associated with the plug, a duct formed in the cap and communicating with said chamber,

an oil supply, pipe communicating with the duct, an adjustable valve mounted in the cap and controlling the passage of fuel from said duct into said chamber, a second valve mounted in the cap and controlling said duct independently of the first valve, an air intake valve in said cylinder, and means for operating said second valve and said air valve.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

CHARLES A. RUSS. 

